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Francis August Schaeffer (30 January 1912 – 15 May 1984〔) was an American Evangelical Christian theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor. He is most famous for his writings and his establishment of the L'Abri community in Switzerland. Opposed to theological modernism, Schaeffer promoted a more historic Protestant faith and a presuppositional approach to Christian apologetics, which he believed would answer the questions of the age. Schaeffer's wife, Edith (Seville) Schaeffer, became a prolific author in her own right.〔.〕 Schaeffer was the father of the author, film-maker, and painter Frank Schaeffer. == Biography == Schaeffer was born on January 30, 1912, in Germantown, Pennsylvania, to Franz A. Schaeffer III and Bessie Williamson. He was of German and English ancestry.〔http://www.wtsbooks.com/common/pdf_links/schaeffer_authentic_life.pdf〕 In 1935, Schaeffer graduated ''magna cum laude'' from Hampden-Sydney College. The same year he married Edith Seville, the daughter of missionary parents who had been with the China Inland Mission founded by Hudson Taylor. Schaeffer then enrolled at Westminster Theological Seminary in the fall and studied under Cornelius Van Til (presuppositional apologetics) and J. Gresham Machen (doctrine of inerrancy).〔Duriez, Colin; ''Francis Schaeffer: An Authentic Life'' (Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway Books, 2008), p. 34〕 In 1937, Schaeffer transferred to Faith Theological Seminary, graduating in 1938. This seminary was newly formed as a result of a split between the Presbyterian Church of America (now the Orthodox Presbyterian Church) and the Bible Presbyterian Church, a Presbyterian denomination more identified with Fundamentalist Christianity and premillennialism. Schaeffer was the first student to graduate and the first to be ordained in the Bible Presbyterian Church. He served pastorates in Pennsylvania (Grove City and Chester) and St. Louis, Missouri. Schaeffer eventually sided with the Bible Presbyterian Church Columbus Synod following the BPC Collingswood and BPC Columbus Split and became a member of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Evangelical Synod when the Bible Presbyterian Church's Columbus Synod merged with the Reformed Presbyterian Church's Columbus Synod in 1965,〔Francis A. Schaeffer, ("A Step Forward" ), ''The Presbyterian Journal'', 6 March 1974, pp.7-8. Retrieved 7 September 2007.〕 a denomination which would merge with the Presbyterian Church in America, in 1982. In 1948, the Schaeffer family moved to Switzerland and in 1955 established the community called ''L'Abri'' (French for "the shelter").〔( Biographical Sketch ), in ''Francis August Schaeffer Papers'' section, at PCA Historical Center. Retrieved 2006-08-26.〕〔Michael S. Hamilton, "The Dissatisfaction of Francis Schaeffer", ''Christianity Today'', 3 March 1997, Vol. 41, No. 3, Page 22. Reprinted at (''A Tribute to Mark Heard.'' ). Retrieved 2006-08-25.〕 Serving as both a philosophy seminar and a spiritual community, L'Abri attracted thousands of young people, and was later expanded into Sweden, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States. Schaeffer received numerous honorary degrees. In 1954, he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Highland College in Long Beach, California.〔Schaeffer, Frank, ''Crazy for God: How I Grew Up as One of the Elect, Helped Found the Religious Right, and Lived to Take All (or Almost All) of It Back'', Da Capo Press, 2007.〕 In 1971, he received an honorary Doctor of Letters degree from Gordon College in Wenham, Massachusetts.〔Douglas, J. D. Douglas & Philip Wesley Comfort, Editors, ''Who's Who in Christian History'' (Tyndale House Publishers, 1992), p. 609; Francis August Schaeffer Papers (Ministry ) Manuscript Collection # 29 , Box 134, PCA Historical Center Schaeffer died of lymphoma on May 15, 1984, in Rochester, Minnesota.〔Duriez, Colin; ''Francis Schaeffer: An Authentic Life'' (Crossway Books, 2008), p. 210〕〔Saxon, Wolfgang, "Rev. Francis A. Schaeffer, 72; Founder Of Spiritual Centers", ''New York Times'', May 17, 1984.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Francis Schaeffer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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